Wood pulp, a rich source of cellulose, is the starting material for the production of xylitol through a multistep process. The manufacturing process involves the following steps.

Pretreatment: Wood pulp is first treated with hot water to remove impurities and extract cellulose. This process, known as hydrolysis, breaks down the cellulose into its component sugars.

Hydrolysis: The extracted cellulose is then hydrolyzed using enzymes or acids to convert it into xylose, a sugar derived from hemicellulose. This step involves the breaking down of complex polysaccharides into simpler sugars.

Fermentation: Xylose obtained from the hydrolysis step is fermented using specific strains of bacteria or yeast. The microorganisms convert xylose into xylitol through a series of biochemical reactions. This fermentation process can take several days to complete, and it requires controlled conditions of temperature, pH, and oxygen supply.

Filtration and Purification: After fermentation, the mixture is filtered to separate the microorganisms from the xylitol solution. The solution is then purified through various techniques such as crystallization, centrifugation, and filtration to remove impurities and obtain pure xylitol crystals.

Drying and Packaging: The purified xylitol crystals are dried to remove excess moisture and then packed into suitable containers for distribution and commercial use.

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